Download the Class 9 Social Science NCERT Solutions PDF for Contemporary India Chapter 2: Physical Features of India. This resource provides detailed explanations and answers, helping students understand India's diverse landforms, including mountains, plains, plateaus, and coastal regions. Perfect for exam preparation and enhancing geographic knowledge.
Download Class 9 Social Science NCERT Solutions PDF - Contemporary India Chapter 2: Physical Features of India
Chapter 2: Physical Features of India
QUESTION 1:
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
(c) Island (d) None of the above
(c) Uttarakhand (d) None of the above
ANSWER: (b) Purvachal
(c) Konkan (d) Northern Circar
ANSWER: (b) Kannad
(c) Kanchenjungaa (d) Khasi
ANSWER: (b) Mahendragiri
QUESTION 2: Answer the following questions briefly:
(I) What are tectonic plates?
(II) Which continents of today were parts of the Gondwana land?
(III) What is bhabar?
(IV) Name the three major divisions of the Himalayas from north to south.
(V) Which plateau lies between the Aravali and the Vindhyan ranges?
(VI) Name the island group of India having coral origin.
ANSWER 2:
(II) Gondwana land is the name given to the hypothetical ‘super-continent’ located in Southern hemisphere. Gondwana Land included South America, part of Africa (south Africa including Madagascar), part of Asia (India, Arabia, Malaya), Australia and Antarctica, prior to its break-up under the forces causing continental-drift.
(III) The ‘Bhabar’ is that narrow belt of the plain which is covered with pebbles and lies along the foothills of the Shiwaliks from the Indus to the Teesta. This belt is laid down by numerous streams descending down the hills.
(IV) The three major divisions of the Himalayas from north to south are:
a) The northernmost range which is known as the great Himalayas or Inner Himalayas or the Himadri.
b) The range lying to the south of the Himadri which is known as Himachal or the lesser Himalaya.
c) The outermost range of the Himalayas which is known as the Shiwaliks. These are the foothill ranges and represent the southernmost division of the Himalayas.
(VI) Lakshdweep.
QUESTION 3:
Distinguish between
(I) Converging and diverging tectonic plates.
(II) Bhangar and Khadar
(III) Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.
ANSWER 3:
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WESTERN GHATS |
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EASTERN GHATS |
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1. The Western Ghats are situated and mark |
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1. The
Eastern Ghats are situated and mark |
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the western edges of Deccan Plateau parallel |
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the eastern edges of Deccan Plateau parallel |
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to the western
coasts of India
along the |
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to the
eastern coasts of India along the Bay |
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Arabian Sea. |
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of
Bengal. |
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2. Continuous,
can be crossed
through the |
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2. Discontinuous, irregular and dissected by |
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passes only. |
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rivers
draining into the Bay of Bengal. |
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3. The
Western Ghats are
higher than the |
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3.
Average elevation is 600 meters. |
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Eastern Ghats.
Average elevation is
900 - |
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4.Thehighestpeaksincludethe |
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1600 meters. |
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Mahendragiri,
the Javadi Hills. |
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4. The
height increases progressively from |
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5. The
Eastern Ghats also enclose a strip of |
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north to south. The highest
peaks include the |
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land
between its eastern slopes and the Bay |
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Anai Mudi, the Doda Belta. |
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of Bengal which
is known as
the Eastern |
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5. The Western Ghats enclose a narrow strip |
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Coastal
Plain. It is wider than the Western |
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between its western slopes and the Arabian |
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Coastal strip with its maximum breadth 120 |
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Sea
which is known
as Western Coastal |
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km. |
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Plain. Its maximum width is 64 km. |
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6. It
receives rain both
in summer and |
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6. It
experiences orographic rain
mostly in |
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winter,
especially in winter through winter |
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summer due to the summer monsoons. The |
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monsoons.
However, here the rain is lesser |
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climate is hot and moist. |
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than
the western strip. |
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7. Here the soil is highly
fertile. Rice, spices, |
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7. The
soil is not as fertile as western strip. |
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rubber and fruits like coconuts, cashew
nuts |
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Rice, ground nuts, cotton, tobacco, coconuts |
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etc.
are grown here. |
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etc.
are grown here. |
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QUESTION 4:
Describe how the Himalayas were formed.
ANSWER 4:
QUESTION 5:
Which are the major physiographic divisions of India? Contrast the relief of the Himalayan region with that of the Peninsular plateau.
ANSWER 5:
a) The Himalayan Mountain Wall of the north.
b) The Northern Plains.
d) The Indian Dessert.
e) The Coastal Plains.
f) The Islands.
The following table compares and contrasts between the relief of the Himalayan region with that of the Peninsular plateau.
Himalayan Region
1.The Himalayas are young fold mountains of comparatively recent origin.
2.They are the highest mountains in the world.
3. Many great rivers like - the Indus, the Ganges and the Brahmaputra originate from the Himalayas.
4.The Himalayas are formed of the sedimentary rocks.
5.They are formed at the edge of the Indo-Gangetic Plain.
6. Important hill stations like - Shimla, Mussoorie, Darjeeling, Nainital are found on the Himalayas.
Peninsular Plateau
1. They are a part of the oldest structures of the Indian subcontinent.
2. The Central Highlands are formed of low hills and there is no high peak of world-wide fame in these hills.
3. Very few rivers like - the Narmada and the Tapti originate from these hills.
4. The Central Highlands are formed of igneous and metamorphic rocks.
5. They are formed at the edge of the Deccan Plateau.
6. No well known hill station is found here.
QUESTION 6:
Give an account of the Northern Plains of India.
ANSWER 6:
c) The Brahmaputra Plain - It forms the eastern part of the Northern Plain by the river Brahmaputra and its tributaries. It is narrower than the Ganga Plain and is a flood prone area. In the south-east side of the Northern Plain lays the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta which is the largest delta of the world.
QUESTION 7:
Write short notes on the following.
(i) The Indian Desert
(ii) The Central Highlands
(iii) The Island groups of India
ANSWER 7:
(iii) India has two groups of islands. The Lakshadweep Islands lie in the Arabian Sea, to the southwest of the mainland. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands lie in the Bay of Bengal, to the southeast of the mainland. Lakshadweep is composed of small coral islands, covering a small area of 32 square kilometres. Kavaratti Island is its administrative headquarters. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are bigger in size and are more numerous and scattered. The entire group of islands is divided into Andaman (in the north) and Nicobar (in the south). Both these island groups are rich in flora and fauna, and are of great strategic importance to the country.
Project/Activity
Locate the peaks, passes, ranges, plateaus, hills, and duns hidden in the puzzle. Try to find where these features are located.
ANSWER 7:
CHOTANAGPUR
ARAVALI
KONKAN
JAINTIA
MALWA
NILGIRI
SHIPKILA
VINDHYA
BOMDILA
SAHYADRI
SATPURA
NATHULA
CARDEMOM
GARO
ANAIMUDI
EVEREST
PATLI